Based on the Bastarda handwriting used by the scribes of the Emperor’s chancery, the calligrapher Leonhard Wagner designed this new typeface, which soon became known as Fraktur (say frac-toor) for the broken character of its lines. Alte Schwabacher Font. Download the Alte Schwabacher font by Dieter Steffmann. Alte Schwabacher has been downloaded 48,291 times. The Schwabacher name belongs to one of San Francisco's more prestigious families: Schwabacher-Frey was a major West Coast printer and stationer, and Schwabacher and Company was a successful investment banking firm. His grandmother Carrie, who was a Fleishhacker before marriage, was a composer and pianist, and James grew up surrounded by music.

1. Schwabacher Fraktur Alphabet
2. Schwabacher Frakturschrift
3. Schwabacher Vs Fraktur
4. Textura Rotunda Schwabacher Fraktur
5. Schwabacher Fraktur Font
6. Unterschied Schwabacher Fraktur

Schwabacher Fraktur Alphabet

• The 'blackletter typeface' Gotik, Schwabacher, and Fraktur The terms 'Gotik' and 'Fraktur' include a wide variety of fonts that are quite similar to each other. Generically, they are called blackletter fonts. The change could already be seen in the 12th century, when the.
• Based on the Bastarda handwriting used by the scribes of the Emperor’s chancery, the calligrapher Leonhard Wagner designed this new typeface, which soon became known as Fraktur (say frac-toor) for the broken character of its lines.

The German word Schwabacher (pronounced [ˈʃvaːˌbaxɐ]) refers to a specific style of blacklettertypefaces which evolved from Gothic Textualis (Textura) under the influence of Humanist type design in Italy during the 15th century. Schwabacher typesetting was the most common typeface in Germany, until it was replaced by Fraktur from the mid 16th century onwards.

Schwabacher Frakturschrift

Etymology[edit]

The term derives from the Franconian town of Schwabach, where in 1529 the Articles of Schwabach, a Lutheran creed, were adopted. They became the basis of the 1530 Confessio Augustana and possibly also promoted the use of Schwabacher types.

Characteristics[edit]

Similar to Rotunda, the rounded Schwabacher types were nearer to handwriting than the former Textualis style, though it also includes sharp edges. The lower case g and the upper case H have particularly distinctive forms. In the context of German language texts, Schwabacher appeared vibrant and popular.

History[edit]

While the Latin Gutenberg Bible was still set in Textualis type, the oldest preserved Schwabacher incunable dates from 1472 and was printed in Augsburg. Schwabacher types appeared in the Free Imperial City of Nuremberg from about 1485: Anton Koberger (c. 1440–1513) used them for the publication of the Nuremberg Chronicle (in both Latin and German) in 1493 and Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528) for his Apocalypse series in 1498. Schwabacher became widely known with the spread of Luther Bibles from 1522.

After Schwabacher was displaced by Fraktur as the most-used German language type style from about 1530, it remained in common use as a secondary typeface for emphasis in a similar way to italic.^[1] It was still used occasionally until the mid 20th century.

When the Nazis officially abandoned the widely used Fraktur type by Martin Bormann's Normalschrifterlass of 3 January 1941, it was called Schwabacher Judenlettern ('Jew-letters of Schwabach'):^[2]

Circular
(Not for publication).

On behalf of the Führer I notify for common attention that:

Regarding and calling the so called gothic typeface as a German typeface is wrong. In fact, the gothic typeface consists of Jew-letters from Schwabach. Like they later gained control of the newspapers, the Jews living in Germany had seized control over the printing shops at introduction of the printing press, so that the Schwabacher Jew-letters were heavily introduced in Germany.

Schwabacher Vs Fraktur

Today the Führer decided in a meeting with ReichsleiterMax Amann and book printing shop owner Adolf Müller, that the Antiqua typeface is to be called the normal typeface in future. Step by step all printing products have to be changed to this normal typeface. As soon as this is possible for school books, in schools only the normal typeface will be taught.

Authorities will refrain from using the Schwabacher Jew-letters in future; certificates of appointment, road signs and similar will only be produced in normal typeface in future. On behalf of the Führer, Mr. Amann will first change those papers and magazines to normal typeface, that are already spread abroad or are wanted to be.

Signed M. Bormann

The statement ignores the fact that Schwabacher originated from the earlier Rotunda blackletter script and late medieval Bastarda types. Actually, there is no evidence of any connection between Jews and the Schwabacher typeface. At the time of its origin the ownership of printing houses was reserved for Christian citizens.

Samples[edit]

Textura Rotunda Schwabacher Fraktur

The German sentence in the figures reads: 'Beispiel Alte Schwabacher [Example of Old Schwabacher]: Victor jagt zwölf Boxkämpfer quer über den Sylter Deich'. This is a nonsense sentence meaning 'Victor chases twelve boxers across the dike of Sylt', but contains all 26 letters of the alphabet plus the German umlauts and is thus an example of a pangram.

Notes and references[edit]

1. ^Steinberg, S. H. (1961) Five Hundred Years of Printing; 2nd ed. Penguin Books; p. 41
2. ^Burke, Christopher (1998), Paul Renner: the Art of Typography, New York: Princeton Architectural Press, pp. 165–167, ISBN978-1-56898-158-1

Further reading[edit]

• Friedrich Beck: „Schwabacher Judenlettern“ - Schriftverruf im Dritten Reich. in: Die Kunst des Vernetzens, Verlag für Berlin-Brandenburg, 2006, ISBN3-86650-344-X (pdf)
• Philipp Luidl: Die Schwabacher – Die ungewöhnlichen Wege der Schwabacher Judenletter. Maro Verlag, Augsburg 2004. ISBN3-87512-415-4
• 'Vergessen und verdrängt' Schwabach 1918-1945, Ausstellungskatalog Stadtmuseum Schwabach, p. 172

Schwabacher Fraktur Font

External links[edit]

• 'Die Alte Schwabacher Schrift' (in German). Schwabach SPD. Archived from the original on March 18, 2009.

Unterschied Schwabacher Fraktur